{"id":18594,"date":"2023-05-04T15:31:07","date_gmt":"2023-05-04T15:31:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/questions\/article-summary-how-do-mindfulness-based-programmes-improve-anxiety-depression-and-psychological-distress-a-systematic-review\/"},"modified":"2023-05-04T15:31:07","modified_gmt":"2023-05-04T15:31:07","slug":"article-summary-how-do-mindfulness-based-programmes-improve-anxiety-depression-and-psychological-distress-a-systematic-review","status":"publish","type":"questions","link":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/questions\/article-summary-how-do-mindfulness-based-programmes-improve-anxiety-depression-and-psychological-distress-a-systematic-review\/","title":{"rendered":"Article Summary &#8221; How do mindfulness-based programmes improve anxiety, depression and psychological distress? A systematic review&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n<ul style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">State the research question and explain why it\u2019s interesting<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">: In other words <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">the Problem statement<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">: What is the main issue, question, or problem that the authors seek to investigate? Include the species under investigation.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><br style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n<ul style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">State the hypothesis\/hypotheses tested.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><br style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n<ul style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Briefly describe the methods and the variables<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"> (design, participants, materials, procedures, what was manipulated {independent variable(s)], what was measured [dependent variable(s)], and how the data were measured.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><br style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n<ul style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Describe the result<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">s. What differences were significant? This does NOT mean to write the statistical results. I do NOT want to see statistics in your summary, but rather a description of the statistical results in your own words.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><br style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n<ul style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.8; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Explain the key implications of the result<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">s. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Avoid<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"> overstating the importance of the findings . Your own personal evaluation\/critique of the study. Do you feel the conclusions that the authors made were appropriate given the design of the study, the original question, Why or why not?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 14pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">General outline<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><br style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\u200b\u200b<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Introduction<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">a)<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 7pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Problem statement<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">:<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"> What is the main issue, question, or problem that the authors seek to investigate? Include the species under investigation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">b)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Lit Review<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">: How is the problem contextualized in the literature? Summarize the previous research reviewed in the paper\u2026 what has already been done, what we learned, what questions remain?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">c)<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 7pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Theoretical framework<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">\/<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">rationale<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">: What is the rationale behind this research and\/or the authors&#8217; hypotheses? What overarching theoretical account are they trying to support or disprove (it will likely be one we\u2019ve covered in the text).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">d)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Research variables<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">IV<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">(s) and levels and <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">DV<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">(s) \u2013 This may be less clear for studies that are observational, use comparative designs, etc. In this case, you will need to describe the approach and identify the variables.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">e)<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 7pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Hypotheses<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">: What is the author\u2019s hypothesis(es) and predictions?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 54pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Method<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">a)<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 7pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Sampling<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">: How many subjects (species) were there and who were they? How were subjects chosen?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">b)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Research design<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">:<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"> What research design was used (within subjects\/repeated measures, between subjects, observational, comparative)?&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">c)<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 7pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Data collection methods<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">:<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"> How were the data collected? Describe the general method\/procedure.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Results<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">:&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">a)<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 7pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Interpretation <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">of <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">results<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">: What did the results indicate? What conclusions were drawn? Don\u2019t include any specific numbers\/statistics here. Instead, describe the effects that were observed and the findings. Were hypotheses supported?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Discussion<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">b)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Limitations<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"> and<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">Future Directions<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">:<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"> What did the authors mention as some limitations and\/or future directions for their study? What are the next steps in this line of work?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; line-height: 1.38; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; cursor: auto; color: inherit;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/span><br style=\"cursor: auto; color: inherit;\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>State the research question and explain why it\u2019s interesting: In other words the Problem statement: What is the main issue, question, or problem that the authors seek to investigate? Include the species under investigation. State the hypothesis\/hypotheses tested.&nbsp; Briefly describe the methods and the variables (design, participants, materials, procedures, what was manipulated {independent variable(s)], what [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"disciplines":[196],"paper_types":[],"tagged":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/questions\/18594"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/questions"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/questions"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18594"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/questions\/18594\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18594"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"disciplines","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/disciplines?post=18594"},{"taxonomy":"paper_types","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/paper_types?post=18594"},{"taxonomy":"tagged","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tagged?post=18594"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}