{"id":15610,"date":"2023-04-19T03:43:22","date_gmt":"2023-04-19T03:43:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/questions\/it-is-a-final-study-guide-that-consists-of-a-few-topics-with-a-few-questions-to-answer-with-only-1-sentence-long-answers\/"},"modified":"2023-04-19T03:43:22","modified_gmt":"2023-04-19T03:43:22","slug":"it-is-a-final-study-guide-that-consists-of-a-few-topics-with-a-few-questions-to-answer-with-only-1-sentence-long-answers","status":"publish","type":"questions","link":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/questions\/it-is-a-final-study-guide-that-consists-of-a-few-topics-with-a-few-questions-to-answer-with-only-1-sentence-long-answers\/","title":{"rendered":"it is a final study guide that consists of a few topics with a few questions to answer with only 1 sentence long answers"},"content":{"rendered":"

Chapter 14: Gene Expression<\/p>\n

Explain how genes are expressed<\/div>\n
Define what a gene is<\/div>\n
List the sections of DNA, the types of RNA, the proteins and enzymes involved in gene expression and explain their function in the process<\/div>\n
Describe the characteristics of the genetic code<\/div>\n
Describe and compare prokaryotic transcription with eukaryotic transcription<\/div>\n
Explain the process of splicing and its implication for gene expression<\/div>\n
Summarize the steps that take place for genes to be expressed and how the differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes<\/div>\n
Explain the different types of mutations and relate it to the severity of their effects.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Chapter Sec. 5.6: Cell Communication<\/div>\n
List the function of ligand, receptor and signal transduction in cell communication<\/div>\n
Explain what is phosphorylation and how cells use it<\/div>\n
Compare the signaling transduction pathway of hydrophobic and hydrophilic signals<\/div>\n
Compare cell-surface and intracellular receptors<\/div>\n
Relate cell signaling with gene expression regulation<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Chapter 15: Control of Gene Expression<\/div>\n
Explain how gene expression is controlled<\/div>\n
Describe the difference in control of gene expression between eukaryotes and prokaryotes.<\/div>\n
Explain how regulatory proteins (activators, repressors) work<\/div>\n
Describe the parts of the DNA involved in regulation (promoter and enhancer regions)<\/div>\n
Contrast control of gene expression by repression with control by induction<\/div>\n
Identify the mechanisms for gene expression control in the lac and trp operons.<\/div>\n
Explain what transcription factors and regulatory proteins are and how they regulate gene expression in eukaryotes.<\/div>\n
Describe how chromatin structure (DNA methylation and histone modification) can affect gene expression<\/div>\n
Explain the process of protein degradation and its purpose<\/div>\n
Contrast the mechanisms regulating gene expression depending on when they act on: 1) regulating transcription, 2) posttranscriptionally (regulating the mRNA and protein synthesis) and posttranslationally (regulation of protein degradation)<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Chapter 10: Meiosis<\/div>\n
Explain why meiosis is fundamental in sexual reproduction<\/div>\n
Contrast meiosis I to meiosis II, describing how homologous chromosomes pair and then divide<\/div>\n
Describe the process of crossing over and its importance in genetic recombination<\/div>\n
Explain the events in meiosis that result in genetic variation<\/div>\n
Identify the differences between meiosis and mitosis<\/div>\n
Explain the consequences that mistakes during meiosis can have for the future offspring<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Chapter 11: Mendel and the Gene Idea<\/div>\n
Explain the principle of segregation and its relation to meiosis<\/div>\n
Distinguish between: gene, allele and gene locus<\/div>\n
Predict the outcome of a monohybrid cross<\/div>\n
Distinguish between phenotype and genotype<\/div>\n
Identify dominant and recessive alleles using pedigrees<\/div>\n
Explain what makes an allele dominant or recessive<\/div>\n
Apply the rules of probability to infer genotypes from test crosses<\/div>\n
Define the concepts of polygenic inheritance and pleiotropy<\/div>\n
List and explain other factors that interfere with Mendel\u2019s predictions.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Chapter 12: Chromosomes and Inheritance<\/div>\n
Relate the events that occur in meiosis with Mendel’s Principles of Independent Assortment and Segregation<\/div>\n
Predict the outcome of a cross of a trait with sex-linkage inheritance<\/div>\n
Identify sex-linkage inheritance in a pedigree<\/div>\n
Explain dosage compensation and its effects on the phenotype<\/div>\n
Explain why distance in the genetic map affects recombination and its relation to crossing over during meiosis<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Chapter 19: Descent with modification<\/div>\n
Evaluate whether what we know about genetics supports Lamark\u2019s theory of evolution<\/div>\n
Describe the evidence about evolution and Natural Selection available at Darwin\u2019s time and now<\/div>\n
Explain the observations that Darwin made and the conclusions that he reached from that evidence.<\/div>\n
Explain natural selection, artificial selection, convergent evolution and homologous structures<\/div>\n
Describe the scientific evidence supporting evolution by Natural Selection<\/div>\n
Chapter 21: Evolution of populations<\/div>\n
Explain the importance of genetic variation in a population<\/div>\n
What does it mean for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium<\/div>\n
Explain how the Hardy-Weinberg equation allows to find evidence of evolution<\/div>\n
Describe the five processes that change the genetic composition of populations<\/div>\n
Define fitness in evolutionary terms<\/div>\n
Define frequency-dependent selection, oscillating selection, and heterozygous advantage and how they affect the genetic composition of population<\/div>\n
Define the three kinds of selection<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Chapter 22: Origin of Species<\/div>\n
Explain how are species defined under the biological species concept<\/div>\n
Explain the problems with the biological species concept and how an ecological species concept can be more useful in some cases<\/div>\n
Describe the kinds of reproductive isolation and give examples of each.<\/div>\n
Explain the mechanisms that can lead to speciation<\/div>\n
Compare allopatric and sympatric speciation, what mechanisms are at play in each?<\/div>\n
Apply the concepts of speciation to identify what possible processes may have led to speciation in a case study<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Ch. 16 section: 16.1<\/div>\n
Formulate the relationship between cell division and development<\/div>\n
Explain how gene expression is related to the process by which cells become committed to a developmental path<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Ch. 18 sections: 18.3, Fig. 18.5, 18.5, 18.6<\/div>\n
Explain what genome variation tell us about evolution<\/div>\n
Explain how mutations contribute to evolution<\/div>\n
Explain the connection between genes, embryonic development and evolution<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Ch. 23 sections: 23.3, 23.4.<\/div>\n
Explain how small changes in developmental genes can produce large changes in body form<\/div>\n
Explain what do we mean by \u2018evolution is not goal oriented\u2019<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Chapter 20: Secs. 20.1 & 20.3<\/div>\n
Define what a phylogeny represents<\/div>\n
Explain the difference between homologous and analogous traits.<\/div>\n
Use a phylogeny to identify which traits are homologous and which traits are analogous.<\/div>\n
Use a phylogeny to identify the common ancestor or a given group.<\/div>\n
Use the concept of parsimony to infer the evolution of traits.<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Chapter 14: Gene Expression Explain how genes are expressed Define what a gene is List the sections of DNA, the types of RNA, the proteins and enzymes involved in gene expression and explain their function in the process Describe the characteristics of the genetic code Describe and compare prokaryotic transcription with eukaryotic transcription Explain the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"disciplines":[275],"paper_types":[],"tagged":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/questions\/15610"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/questions"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/questions"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15610"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/questions\/15610\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15610"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"disciplines","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/disciplines?post=15610"},{"taxonomy":"paper_types","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/paper_types?post=15610"},{"taxonomy":"tagged","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodacademic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tagged?post=15610"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}